我国东海和南海沿岸的历史风暴潮探讨     

刘安国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(3)

根据我国丰富的地方史志资料分析,证实在我国频临东海,南海沿岸的历史风暴潮是由台风引起的,这与冬半年出现在我国北方沿岸的风暴潮不同。列出了历朝风暴潮按月的统计和重大历史风暴潮灾害表。对史志的记载进行了探讨,指出时间记载的可靠性,古地名的变迁:随同风暴潮记载的海象、气象、天象和物象的记述;以及由风暴潮引起的次生灾害。  相似文献   

黄海、渤海温度垂直结构三维数值预报     

金梅兵  王宗山  徐伯昌 《海洋科学进展》1996,(3)

文中将海洋分为具有密度阶跃的两层，设各层内各物理量与深度无关，用推广的ＡＤＩ方法进行包括潮流和风海流的二层流场计算，待流场计算稳定后，与温度扩散方程和上均匀层深度预报方程相耦合，对黄渤海区表、底层温度和上均匀层深度作了为期４ｄ的试报。然后，通过温度垂直剖面自模函数预报出三维的水温场。试报结果表明，整个模式的预报性能及试报结果与实测的吻合程度是令人满意的。  相似文献   

Mussel fouling on the Celtic Sea Kinsale Field gas platforms     

T. Southgate  A. A. Myers 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(6):651-659

Fouling was investigated on Marathon Kinsale Field Alpha and Bravo platforms in the Celtic Sea between June 1978 and June 1981. In shallow depths, algae dominated, chiefly Polysiphonia brodiaei and Ulva lactuca. Mussels formed the dominant fouling organism between 6 and 20 m depth, below which were zones of Metridium senile and Alcyonium digitatum, serpulids and the deep water barnacle Balanus hameri. In September 1979 mussels exceeded 2500 m⁻² with a modal length of 42 mm. By June 1981, modal length had increased to 67 mm at −4 m and 73 mm at −18 m (maximum size 97 mm). Populations on Bravo were similar. Comparison is made with growth rates on North Sea platforms. On Alpha, percentage cover m⁻² in March 1980 was much greater at −4 m than at −18 m, but mean thickness was similar. At −18 m mussels were a heavier fouler on Bravo than Alpha. On Alpha mussel weight did not show a linear relationship with percentage cover.  相似文献   

A new species of the genus Paramisophria (Copepoda, Calanoida,Arietellidae) from the China Seas     

Lian Guangshan  Qian Honglin 《海洋学报(英文版)》1994,13(4):551-555

ＡｎｅｗｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｇｅｎｕｓＰａｒａｍｉｓｏｐｈｒｉａ（Ｃｏｐｅｐｏｄａ，Ｃａｌａｎｏｉｄａ，Ａｒｉｅｔｅｌｌｉｄａｅ）ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＣｈｉｎａＳｅａｓ￥ＬｉａｎＧｕａｎｇｓｈａｎａｎｄＱｉａｎＨｏｎｇｌｉｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＦｅｂｒｕ...  相似文献   

黄、东海海洋对于台风过程的响应          下载免费PDF全文

黄立文  邓健 《海洋与湖沼》2007,38(3):246-252

强天气过程下海洋的响应是海洋环境预报的重要内容,它的研究对于防灾减灾、远洋运输、水产养殖等有积极的意义。本文中作者运用一个改进后具有模拟和预报能力的河口海洋模式ECOM-si,引入全强迫条件,对一个真实的强台风下的海洋响应进行了研究。模拟结果表明,海洋对台风过程有强烈的响应,强台风引起SST出现大幅降低,最大达5℃,其中大风抽吸和大风夹卷影响最大;大风引起的平流输送在实际情况中对海水温度、盐度的水平分布有重要影响:台风诱导海水上翻,会使得海洋的混合层明显加深,最大达20—30m;海洋在台风作用下,在上层海洋产生明显的气旋式流场,海面产生的明显下陷可达30cm,台风中心、气旋式流场中心和海面下陷中心三个位并不重合。同时在台风登陆位置附近产生风暴潮,最大增水可达0.8—1.0m,但沿海各地最大增水时间不相同。  相似文献   

中国海倒颚蟹属（甲壳动物亚门：十足目：豆蟹科）两新记录种          下载免费PDF全文

蒋维  陈慧莲  刘瑞玉 《海洋与湖沼》2007,38(1):77-83

长期以来,中国海倒颚蟹属仅记录一种,即渤、黄、东海底栖动物常见种异足倒颚蟹AsthenognathusinaequipesStimpson,1858。作者对中国科学院海洋生物标本馆收藏的采自中国海的全部倒颚蟹属标本进行系统研究后共发现除该种外还有以下2种,为中国海的新记录:宽身倒颚蟹AsthenognathusgallardoiSer埁neandSoh,1976和六角倒颚蟹AsthenognathushexagonumRath-bun,1909,均采自南海北部。异足倒颚蟹为中国北方和东部海域常见种,但未见于南海。六角倒颚蟹与异足倒颚蟹形态上较相似。两者差异在于六角倒颚蟹头胸甲六角形,后缘约与额-眼眶缘等宽,背面有2对凹陷,后侧缘有2条颗粒脊,而异足倒颚蟹头胸甲后缘约为额-眼眶缘宽的1.5倍,背面仅有浅横沟。宽身倒颚蟹与其他两种形态差异较大,头胸甲宽约为长的1.9倍。  相似文献   

Sources and distribution of fresh water in the East Greenland Current     

E.P. Jones  L.G. Anderson  J.H. Swift 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,78(1):37-44

Fresh water flowing from the Arctic Ocean via the East Greenland Current influences deep water formation in the Nordic Seas as well as the salinity of the surface and deep waters flowing from there. This fresh water has three sources: Pacific water (relatively fresh cf. Atlantic water), river runoff, and sea ice meltwater. To determine the relative amounts of the three sources of fresh water, in May 2002 we collected water samples across the East Greenland Current in sections from 81.5°N to the Irminger Sea south of Denmark Strait. We used nitrate-phosphate relationships to distinguish Pacific waters from Atlantic waters, salinity to obtain the sum of sea ice melt water and river runoff water, and total alkalinity to distinguish the latter. River runoff contributed the largest part of the total fresh water component, in some regions with some inventories exceeding 12 m. Pacific fresh water (Pacific source water S ∼ 32 cf. Atlantic source water S ∼ 34.9) typically provided about 1/3 of the river runoff contribution. Sea ice meltwater was very nearly non-existent in the surface waters of all sections, likely at least in part as a result of the samples being collected before the onset of the melt season. The fresh water from the Arctic Ocean was strongly confined to near the Greenland coast. We thus conjecture that the main source of fresh water from the Arctic Ocean most strongly impacting deep convection in the Nordic Seas would be sea ice as opposed to fresh water in the liquid phase, i.e., river runoff, Pacific fresh water, and sea ice meltwater.  相似文献   

Anthropogenic carbon in the East Greenland Current     

Sara Jutterström  Emil Jeansson 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,78(1):29-36

Sections of dissolved inorganic anthropogenic carbon () based on 2002 data in the East Greenland Current (EGC) are presented. The has been estimated using a model based on optimum multiparameter analysis with predefined source water types. Values of have been assigned to the source water types through age estimations based on the transit time distribution (TTD) technique. The validity of this approach is discussed and compared to other methods. The results indicated that the EGC had rather high levels of in the whole water column, and the anthropogenic signal of the different source areas were detected along the southward transit. We estimated an annual transport of with the Denmark Strait overflow (σ_θ > 27.8 kg m⁻³) of ∼0.036 ± 0.005 Gt C y⁻¹. The mean concentration in this density range was ∼30 μmol kg⁻¹. The main contribution was from Atlantic derived waters, the Polar Intermediate Water and the Greenland Sea Arctic Intermediate Water.  相似文献   

北欧海比容高度及其与卫星高度计海表面高度异常的比较   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

邵秋丽  赵进平 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(7):32-37

In this study the steric height anomaly which is calculated from the hydrological data(EN3) is compared with the sea level anomaly derived from satellite altimetry in the Nordic Seas. The overall pattern of steric height is that it is higher in the margin area and lower in the middle area. The extreme values of steric height linear change from1993 to 2010 occur in the Lofoten Basin and off the Norwegian coast, respectively. Such a distribution may be partly attributed to the freshening trend of the Nordic Seas. The correlation between SLA(sea level anomaly) and SHA(steric height anomaly) is not uniform over the Nordic Seas. The time series of SLA and SHA agree well in the Lofoten Basin and northern Norwegian Basin, and worse in the northern Norwegian Sea, implying that the baroclinic effect plays a dominant role in most areas in the Norwegian Sea and the barotropic effect plays a dominant role in the northern Norwegian Sea. The weaker correlations between SLA and SHA in the Greenland and Iceland Seas lead a conclusion that the barotropic contribution is significant in these areas. The area-mean SHA over the entire Nordic Seas has similar amplitudes compared with the SLA during 1996–2002, but SHA has become lower than SLA, being less than half of SLA since 2006.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF VARIATION OF WINTER SEA-ICE AREA IN KARA AND BARENTS SEAS ON EAST ASIA WINTER MONSOON^*          下载免费PDF全文

Wu Bingyi  Huang Ronghui  Gao Dengyi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(2):141-153

By analyzing the observation data and performing the numerical simulation tests,it is shown that the Kara and the Barents Sea area is a key region to influence climate variation over the Northern Hemisphere.The variation of winter sea-ice area in the key region is closely associated with that of the EU teleconnection pattern at 500 hPa and East Asia winter monsoon(EAWM) intensity.When a heavy sea-ice prevails in the key region,the EU teleconnection pattern at 500 hPa is excited easily(there are positive 500 hPa height anomalies over around Japan and West Europe),and winter Siberia high is weakened,meanwhile,sea level pressure(SLP) has positive anomalies over the Northern Pacific.Therefore,EAWM will be weakened,winter temperature over East Asia is above normal and the frequency of cold-air activity in February in China will be decreased.When the light sea-ice occurs in the key region,the results will be opposite.  相似文献